What is Body Mass Index (BMI)?
Body Mass Index (BMI) is a simple, widely used screening measure for categorizing individuals based on their body weight relative to height. Developed by Belgian mathematician Adolphe Quetelet in the 1830s, it provides a quick estimate of whether a person has a healthy body weight.
BMI is used by the World Health Organization (WHO), healthcare providers, and insurance companies as an initial screening tool. However, it does not measure body fat directly, nor does it distinguish between fat mass and lean muscle mass. Athletes, elderly individuals, and pregnant women may need alternative assessments.
WHO BMI Categories
- Underweight: BMI below 18.5
- Normal weight: BMI 18.5 – 24.9
- Overweight: BMI 25.0 – 29.9
- Obese: BMI 30.0 and above
BMI Formula
Metric Formula
Imperial Formula
Both formulas yield the same result — the unit conversion factor of 703 bridges the difference between metric and imperial systems.
Step-by-Step BMI Calculation
Scenario: A person weighing 70 kg and standing 175 cm tall.
Step 1: Convert Height to Meters
Step 2: Square the Height
Step 3: Divide Weight by Height²
Result
A BMI of 22.9 falls in the Normal weight range (18.5 – 24.9). This suggests a healthy body weight for this height, though individual health assessments should also consider factors like body composition, fitness level, and medical history.
Related Calculators
If you are checking health metrics and eligibility, use our Age Calculator for exact age in years, months, and days.